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Messerschmitt Bf 109E JG52 (VL+AH) and (VL+AL) being ferried to Rumania 1941 01

Photo 01: A later view of a flight of Bf 109E-7s with auxiliary tanks. These aircraft still have their factory codes and are being ferried to JG52 which, at the time of this photograph, was stationed in Rumania.

Messerschmitt Bf 109E 2./JG 52 ground crew or 'Black Men' Calais, France August 1940 01

Photo's 01-02: This series of photographs show the 'Black Men' of 2./JG52 - so called because of their black clothing - with their charges at Calais during mid to late August. Typical of this period, are the yellow cowlings and spinners.

Pilots 2./JG 52 Pilots France August 1940 01

Photo 01: A reminder of the high rate of attrition experienced by the Jagdwaffe during the Battle of Britain. By the middle of September, all six of these 2./JG52 pilots, seen here enjoying a refreshing plate of grapes after a mission over England, had been lost. From the left are: Uffz. Lothar Hartlieb, Ogfr. Wladislaw Malecki, Lt. Hans Berthel, Uffz. Peter Weber, Fw Alfons Bacher and Uffz. Karl-Heinz Bokel. On 26 August, four of these pilots did not return, Hartlieb crashing into the Channel, his body being washed ashore on 15 September, and Malecki, Bacher and Bokel becoming POWs. On 31 August, Weber was badly wounded and died a few days later. Berthel, then the Gruppen Adjutant of l./JG52, became a POW on 15 September.

 Messerschmitt Bf 109 E Emil
 

   IL-2 Sturmovik 'Cliff's of Dover' Blitz

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Luftwaffe pilot Wolfgang Ewald

'. .. we saw several small black speck's...

WOLFGANG EWALD. JG52

I was born in Hamburg on 26 March, 1911, and obtained my pilot's licence in 1929. In 1934, I enlisted in the German Army as I wanted a career as a pilot. After military training I was posted to the Jagdfliegerschule in Schleissheim and then I had to attend various courses in Dresden in order to become an officer.

In 1937, I joined the Legion Condor and was posted to the 2.J88 as a Leutnant. I claimed one victory before I was sent back to Germany and, soon afterwards, to Austria. Then I was posted to join the newly created I./JG433 in Ingolstadt-Manching. Our Gruppenkommandeur was Hptm. Grafvon Pfeil und Klein-Ellguth. I took over the 2. Staffel and for a little while Obit. Adolf Galland was Staffelkapitiin of the 1. Staffel and Lt. Alfons Klein had the 3. Staffel.

On 1 May 1939, the I. Gruppe was redesignated and became I./JG52. On 21 November 1939, the Kommandeur was severely burned during an aerial battle with a French Curtiss. By that time, Galland and Klein had been posted elsewhere and, as I was then the oldest Staffelkapitiin, I took over the Gruppe on a temporary basis until relieved by the replacement Gruppenkommandeur; Hptm. von Eschwege.

The Gruppe's peRGormance during the campaign in the West was disappointing and we only had one claim. On 18 July, we were sent back to Neumppin in the Reich to provide cover during an important meeting in Berlin. Later, on 21 July, we were sent to cover the Richard Wagner Festival in Bayreuth so we did not return to the Channel coast until 3 August 1940.

We were based at Calais-Coquelles, and on 16 August we took off at 18.38 hrs to escort a bomber formation which was to attack the British airfield at Manston. We were flying about 1,000 meters beneath the clouds and as we approached the target we saw several small black specks flying towards the airfield. These were almost certainly British aircraft returning to land and I ordered my pilots to reduce speed and approach in line astern, as if we too were British fighters about to land. This ruse worked and we were able to approach the airfield without any trouble. Once we had flown to within a few hundred meters of the strip, I ordered my pilots to open fire and we succeeded in destroying several Spitfires which were dispersed around the airfield and two more which had just landed. One was set on fire and the other veered off to the side of the runway and formed a 'Flieger Denkmal'. We also fired at the airfield AA defences and silenced them. When we left, we could count five Blenheims and two Spitfires in flames, and we had also blown up an important fuel tank.

We returned to this same airfield two days later during a bomber escort mission over Kent. I had been informed by radio that a Spitfire squadron had just landed so I first ordered the 3. Staffel to cover my 2. Staffel, which would attack. However, once I was certain that there were no Spitfires in the air either near the airfield or towards the coast, I also released the covering 3. Staffel and both the 2. and the 3. began the attack. Once we had silenced the AA defences, we were free to attack the aircraft on the ground and we destroyed ten Spitfires and three Blenheims*.

*RAF… they destroyed a Hurricane from 17Sqn, two Spitfires and severely damaged another six Spitfires before making good their escape. RAF groundcrews, servicing the aircraft in the open, suffered one man killed and 15 injured...
Photo 01: Wolfgang Ewald was appointed Kommandeur of I/JG52 on 28 August 1940 and, in 1942, he took command of III/JG3. He was awarded the Ritterkreuz on 9 December 1942, and on 14 July 1943 he was shot down by Russian AA fire and captured. He did not return to Germany until December 1949 and died on 24 February 1995.

Luftwaffe pilot Wolfgang 'Pequeno' (Tiny) Ewald

Units: Legion Condor, Stfkpt 2./JG-52, Acting Kdr I./JG-52 (11/39), Kdr III./JG-3 (5/42 Russia)

Awards: RK(12/9/42), Spanish Cross-G, DK-G(10/3/42), EP(9/10/42), EK 1 & 2, Fighter Operational Clasp

Known Aircraft: Bf 109E-4 '<<+' (9/40 Coquelles) & F, Bf 109G-4 WNr 14859 'Black<<-' (1/43), Bf 109G-6 WNr 20220 'Black <<+' (lost 7/14/43)

Remarks: Channel pilot. One victory in Spain. His first victory, during the BOB, a Hurricane on 27 September, 1940. His first known Soviet victory, his 2nd & 3rd overall, both R-Z's on 20 May, 1942. A Soviet triple, his 5th 6th & 7th on 12 June, 1942; two MiG-1's and a Pe-2. A Soviet double on 28 June, 1942, a Lagg-3 and a Pe-2. A MiG-3 on 17 July, 1942. A MiG-1 on 24 July, 1942. Two Pe-2's N of Aksaj on 6 August, 1942. Two LaGG-3's on 23 August, 1942; one N of Popowiskaja, the other SW of Leninsk. A Soviet Hurricane NNW of Stalingrad on 30 August, 1942. A Yak-3 SW of Stalingrad on 4 September, 1942. An Il-2 at Prudkj on 9 September, 1942. Three P-40's and a Boston III on 8 December, 1942. A LaGG-3 and an Il-2 on 5 July, 1943. An Il-2 and a MiG-3 on 7 July, 1943. An Il-2 and a MiG-3 on 8 July, 1943. A LaGG-5 on 11 July, 1943. 2 victories in the West. Russian POW. Shot down 14 July, 1943 by Russian AA gunners (or friendly flak) in his G-6 and was held prisoner for long years. His imprisonment, along with that of his Adj, Einsiedel, deepened the animosity between the two. Deceased 24 February, 1995

Luftwaffe pilot Asisbiz database list of 68 aerial victories for Wolfgang Ewald

Date Pilot Name Unit Enemy A/C Type Height Time Location
02-Sep-40 Wolfgang Ewald Stab I./JG52   18.25  
27-Sep-40 Wolfgang Ewald Stab I./JG52   13.30  
20-May-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab /JG3 R-Zet   03.49  
20-May-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab /JG3 R-Zet   03.51  
28-May-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab /JG3 MiG-1      
12-Jun-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab /JG3 MiG-1 2000m 10.30 70 224
12-Jun-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab /JG3 MiG-1 2000m 10.35 70 224
12-Jun-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab /JG3 Pe-2 3000m 10.42 70 123
13-Jun-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab /JG3 LaGG-3      
22-Jun-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab /JG3 LaGG-3   04.00  
22-Jun-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab /JG3 Pe-2   10.15  
24-Jun-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab /JG3 Pe-2   15.20  
28-Jun-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 LaGG-3   12.05  
28-Jun-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 P-2   19.09  
01-Jul-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 LaGG-3 2000m 17.26 Stary Oshkol
17-Jul-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 MiG-3   19.03  
24-Jul-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 MiG-1   11.25  
31-Jul-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Yak-1 500m 11.40 N Peselasovskiy
06-Aug-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Pe-2 Low Level 10.55 N Aksaj
06-Aug-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Pe-2 Low Level 10.58 N Aksaj
13-Aug-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 MiG-3 Low Level 17.43 E Kalatsch
19-Aug-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 LaGG-3   10.50 40 821
23-Aug-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 LaGG-3   05.40 N Popowiskaja
23-Aug-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 LaGG-3   05.55 SW Leninsk
24-Aug-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3   17.30 N Leninsk
25-Aug-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 LaGG-3   11.05 Stalingrad
30-Aug-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3   09.25 NNW Stalingrad
31-Aug-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 P-2   17.15 N Sarepta
31-Aug-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 LaGG-3   17.23 NE Leninsk
01-Sep-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik   10.48 West of Stalingrad
04-Sep-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Yak-1   15.40 SW Stalingrad
07-Sep-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik   15.52 N Bhf Kotluban
09-Sep-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik   10.38 Prudki
10-Sep-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 P-2   11.20 S Kalatsch
14-Sep-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Yak-1   09.45 Stalingrad
18-Sep-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik   17.00 E Stalingrad
18-Sep-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Yak-1   17.07 NE Bhf Kotluban
01-Oct-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik   06.25 NE Bhf Kotluban
01-Oct-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik   06.30 S Bhf Jwanowka
17-Oct-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Yak-1   09.12 NE Stalingrad
25-Oct-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik   10.12 Stalingrad
25-Oct-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik   14.32 Stalingrad
25-Oct-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik   14.36 Beketowka
26-Oct-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik   11.15 SE Stalingrad
26-Oct-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik   14.15 Bhf Bassargino
26-Oct-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik   14.00 West of Sarepta
26-Oct-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik   14.04 West of Sarepta
26-Oct-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik   14.07 SW Sarepta
02-Nov-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Yak-1   10.14 Achtuba
02-Nov-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 MiG-1   12.54 Achtuba
10-Nov-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 MiG-3   13.10 S Dubowka
01-Dec-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 MiG-3 1800m 09.02 15km N Bhf Tshir
02-Dec-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik 500m 10.02 4932
02-Dec-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik 500m 10.15 4912
08-Dec-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 P-40 Kittyhawk 2500m 19.55 3961
08-Dec-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 P-40 Kittyhawk 2500m 10.00 3962
08-Dec-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 P-40 Kittyhawk 1500m 10.12 2943
08-Dec-42 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 A-20 Boston III 5000m 13.07 3915
16-Mar-43 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Yak-7 2000m 14.25 19 872
02-May-43 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 MiG-3   15.10  
05-Jul-43 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 LaGG-3 200m 03.50 61 19
05-Jul-43 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik 300m 07.28 61 681
07-Jul-43 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik Low Level 03.50 61 69
07-Jul-43 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 MiG-3 600m 10.42 62 78
08-Jul-43 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 Il-2 Sturmovik Low Level 10.12 62 763
08-Jul-43 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 MiG-3 1000m 18.42 62 79
09-Jul-43 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 LaGG-3 Low Level 09.27 62 824
11-Jul-43 Wolfgang Ewald Stab III./JG3 LaGG-5 1500m 13.32 62 87

Wolfgang Ewald

Wolfgang Ewald (26 March 1911 – 24 February 1995) was a German Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership.

One of the most enduring actions Ewald took part in was a strafing attack on RAF Manston during the Battle of Britain. The attack took place on 18 August 1940, known as The Hardest Day. Three fighters were destroyed, and six were damaged in the attack. Wolfgang Ewald was shot down by Soviet flak in July 1943 during the Battle of Kursk. He was taken prisoner and was held until 1949. During his career was credited with 78 aerial victories, 1 in the Spanish Civil War, 1 on the Western Front and 76 on the Eastern Front.

Awards

  1. Flugzeugführerabzeichen
  2. Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe
  3. Ehrenpokal der Luftwaffe (21 September 1942)
  4. Iron Cross (1939)
    2nd Class
    1st Class
  5. German Cross in Gold (3 October 1942)
  6. Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
    Knight's Cross on 9 December 1942 as Major and Gruppenkommandeur of the III./Jagdgeschwader 3 Udet

 

 Zarzis, Tunisia Map

 

Spanish Civil War

    Bibliography: +

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  • Messerschmitt AG. Messerschmitt Bf 109K; technisch Kompendium, Handbüch, Ersatztelliste, Rep.-Answeisung, Bewaffnung Bedienungsvorschrift; 1943–1944. [Elektronische Resource] (Reprint). Ludwigsburg, Germany: Luftfahrt-Archiv, 2006. ISBN 3-939847-14-3.
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    Messerschmitt Bf 109 operational history Bibliography: +

  • Beale, Nick, Ferdinando D'Amico and Gabriele Valentini. Air War Italy: Axis Air Forces from Liberation of Rome to the Surrender. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife, 1996. ISBN 1-85310-252-0.
  • Bergström, Christer. Barbarossa – The Air Battle: July–December 1941. London: Chevron/Ian Allan, 2007. ISBN 978-1-85780-270-2.
  • Bergström, Christer and Martin Pegg. Jagdwaffe:The War in Russia, January–October 1942. Luftwaffe Colours, Volume 3 Section 4. London: Classic Colours Publications, 2003. ISBN 1-903223-23-7.
  • Feist, Uwe. The Fighting Me 109. London: Arms and Armour Press, 1993. ISBN 1-85409-209-X.
  • Green, William. Messerschmitt Bf 109: The Augsburg Eagle; A Documentary History. London: Macdonald and Jane's Publishing Group Ltd., 1980. ISBN 0-7106-0005-4.
  • Hooton, Edward R. Blitzkrieg in the West, 1939 -1940 (Luftwaffe at War: 2). Hersham, Surrey, UK: Midland Publishing, 2007. ISBN 978-1-85780-272-6.
  • Jackson, Robert. Aircraft of World War II: Development – Weaponry – Specifications. Enderby, Leicester, UK, Amber Books, 2003. ISBN 1-85605-751-8.
  • Mankau, Heinz and Peter Petrick. Messerschmitt Bf 110, Me 210, Me 410. Raumfahrt, Germany: Aviatic Verlag, 2001. ISBN 3-925505-62-8.
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  • Massimello, Giovanni and Giorgio Apostolo. Italian Aces of World War Two. Oxford/New York, Osprey Publishing, 2000. ISBN 978-1-84176-078-0.
  • Morgan, Eric B. and Edward Shacklady. Spitfire: The History. Stamford, UK: Key Books Ltd, 2000. ISBN 0-946219-48-6.
  • Neulen, Hans Werner. In the skies of Europe – Air Forces allied to the Luftwaffe 1939–1945. Ramsbury, Marlborough, THE CROWOOD PRESS, 2000. ISBN 1-86126-799-1
  • Price, Alfred. Spitfire Mark I/II Aces 1939–41 (Aircraft of the Aces 12). London: Osprey Books, 1996, ISBN 1-85532-627-2.
  • Punka, György. "A Messzer": Bf 109s in the Royal Hungarian "Honvéd" Air Force. Budapest, Hungary: OMIKK, 1995. ISBN 963-593-208-1.
  • Savic, D. and B. Ciglic. Croatian Aces of World War II (Osprey Aircraft of the Aces 49). Oxford, UK: Oxford, 2002. ISBN 1-84176-435-3.
  • Stenman, Kari and Kalevi Keskinen. Finnish Aces of World War 2 (Osprey Aircraft of the Aces 23). London: Osprey Publishing Limited, 1998. ISBN 1-85532-783-X.

    Some of the most widely used Book References:

  • Jagdwaffe: Battle of Britain: Phase One: July-August 1940 (Luftwaffe Colours: Volume Two, Section 1) Paperback Eric Mombeek (Author), David Wadman (Author), Eddie J Creek (Author)
  • Jagdwaffe: Battle of Britain: Phase Two: August-September 1940 (Luftwaffe Colours: Volume Two, Section 2) Paperback Eric Mombeek (Author), David Wadman (Author), Martin Pegg (Author)
  • Jagdwaffe: Battle of Britain: Phase Three: September-October 1940 (Luftwaffe Colours: Volume Two, Section 3) Paperback Eric Mombeek (Author), David Wadman (Author), Martin Pegg (Author)
  • Jagdwaffe: Battle of Britain: Phase Four: November 1940-June 1941 (Luftwaffe Colours: Volume Two, Section 4) Paperback Eric Mombeek (Author), David Wadman (Author), Martin Pegg (Author)

    Magazines: +

  • Airfix Magazines (English) - http://www.airfix.com/
  • Avions (French) - http://www.aerostories.org/~aerobiblio/rubrique10.html
  • EDUARD - https://www.eduard.com/
  • EDUARD - Are in my opinion are what modelers are looking for loads of pictures and diagrams and have become a leading historical information source. *****
  • FlyPast (English) - http://www.flypast.com/
  • Flugzeug Publikations GmbH (German) - http://vdmedien.com/flugzeug-publikations-gmbh-hersteller_verlag-vdm-heinz-nickel-33.html
  • Flugzeug Classic (German) - http://www.flugzeugclassic.de/
  • Klassiker (German) - http://shop.flugrevue.de/abo/klassiker-der-luftfahrt
  • Luftwaffe IM Focus (German) - https://www.luftfahrtverlag-start.de/
  • Embleme der Luftwaffe Band-1 (German) - https://www.luftfahrtverlag-start.de/
  • Le Fana de L'Aviation (French) - http://boutique.editions-lariviere.fr/site/abonnement-le-fana-de-l-aviation-626-4-6.html
  • Le Fana de L'Aviation (French) - http://www.pdfmagazines.org/tags/Le+Fana+De+L+Aviation/
  • Osprey (English) - http://www.ospreypublishing.com/
  • model airplane international magazine - https://adhpublishing.com/shop/store/magazine-backissues/model-airplane-international-backissues/
  • Revi Magazines (Czech) - http://www.revi.cz/

    Web References: +

  • eBay - https://picclick.de/ or https://www.ebay.com
  • Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com
  • Wikipedia.org - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109
  • Wikipedia.org - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109_variants#cite_ref-100
  • Wikipedia.org - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109_operational_history
  • Flickr.com - https://www.flickr.com/photos/farinihouseoflove/2209839419/in/photostream

 

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This webpage was updated 3rd September 2023