Obstlt Adolf Galland, 22 Aug 1940 - 5 Dec 1941 personal emblem

Luftwaffe pilot Adolf Galland

Early Career

Adolf Galland was born on 19 March 1912 at Westerholt near Essen in Westphalia, where his father, continuing in the profession of earlier generations of the Galland family, managed the country estate owned by Count Graf von Westerholt. The young Adolf Galland spent his early schooldays in Westerholt, and his later academic studies were completed at the Hindenburg Gymnasium in Bilr.

Adolf Galland was 14 when, in early 1927, a group of sailplane enthusiasts brought their gliders to a corner of the Westerholt estate and first sparked in him an overwhelming enthusiasm to fly. By the time Galland was 17 years of age, he was a glider pilot in the DLV (Deutscher Luftsportverband - German Air Sport Association) and, in February 1932, he entered the Deutsche Fliegerschule (German Flying School) at Braunschweig. Between July and September, 1933 Galland attended a secret flying course in Italy and subsequently became a pilot with Deutsche Luft Hansa - the German airline - flying JuG-24 and Rohrbach Roland aircraft, mainly on the Stuttgart - Geneva - Marseilles - Barcelona routes.

When Adolf Hitler came to power and created a new air force, volunteers with flying experience were urgently sought and Galland joined the new clandestine air force. After basic training at Schleissheim, he qualified as a fighter pilot and, on 1 January 1935, the newly commissioned Leutnant Galland was posted to JG132 'Richthofen', then equipped with Ar 65 aircraft, though later to receive the He-51.After two flying accidents, Galland faced the unwelcome prospect of being forced to leave the Luftwaffe. However, by devious means, he managed to convince the medical authorities that he was indeed fit for flying duties - though, in fact, he suffered a minor sight deficiency in his left eye - and succeeded in retaining his position in the Luftwaffe.

When the Spanish Civil War broke out in 1936, Galland volunteered to join the Legion Condor. He arrived in Spain on 8 May 1937, at which time he was nearly 25, but he had to wait two months before he could fly with his assigned unit, the I./J88. From the Summer of 1937 he led the 3./J88, a Staffel equipped with obsolescent He-51 biplane fighters which, as they were no match against the superior Soviet Polikarpov 1-16 monoplanes, were employed in the ground-attack role, principally strafing enemy ground forces.

After a year in Spain - twice the amount of time spent by any other pilot - and after flying 280 missions, Galland returned to Germany in August, 1938. He was then an experienced formation leader and, in view of the role his unit had played in Spain, he was instructed to prepare numerous reports for the Reichslujtministerium to ensure that his expertise in the ground-attack role was passed on to future Schlachtflieger. Such a desk-bound position, however, was not at all to Galland's liking and in November, 1938, he was able to leave the RIM, only to find himself posted back to the ground-attack force in the Summer of 1939 when, just before the invasion of Poland, he was ordered to lead the 4. Staffel of II.(Schlacht)/LG2, a ground-attack unit based at Tutow and equipped with Hs-123s.

On 1 October, 1939, after the Polish campaign - which proved the importance of effective ground-support operations - Galland was awarded the Iron Cross, Second Class, and promoted to the rank of Hauptmann. In April 1940, he succeeded in being transferred back to fighters and was assigned to the Stab IJG27 as Operations Officer. As the inactivity of the so-called Phony War dragged on over several months, Galland was meanwhile able to arrange a temporary transfer to Stab III./JG53 in order to join his comrade Werner Molders, whom he had met in Spain, Galland returning to JG27 only a few days before the opening of the Westfeldzug, the campaign in the West.

During the invasion of France and Belgium, Galland shot down two RAF Hurricanes from 87Sqn. Unfortunately, in his autobiography, Galland incorrectly referred to these aircraft, which fell south of Liege, as Belgian Hurricanes, inadvertently creating a myth which some authors insist on perpetuating to the present day. In fact, all Belgian Hurricanes had already been destroyed in the first two days of the invasion.

Galland subsequently went on to claim many other victories during the campaign in the West. A Spitfire fell to his guns south of Sedan on 16 May; two French Potez 63-11 s on 19 May; another Potez south of Amiens on 20 May; two Bristol Blenheims over Dunkirk on 29 May and a Spitfire over Dunkirk on 2 June. On 3 June - the day of the infamous Operation Pau1a, when 300 bombers and dive-bombers attacked Armee de Fair airfields and French aircraft factories in and around Paris - he claimed a further two French aircraft shot down. On 20 May, Galland was awarded the Iron Cross, First Class, and at the same time left Stab/JG27 to become Kommandeur of III/JG26. His last two victories in the Western campaign, a Blenheim and a Defiant south of Evreux, were claimed on 14 June.

After the fall of France, III/JG26 returned to its home base at Munchengladbach in Germany in order to rest its personnel andoverhau1 and service its equipment. On 18 July, Galland was promoted to the rank of Major and, two days later, III./JG26 was ordered to move back to France where it was to be based on the coast at Caffiers, some 11 kilometers south-east of Wissant in the Pas de Calais, in preparation for the assault against Great Britain.

The III./JG26 flew its first sorties of the Battle of Britain on 24 July, when Galland's 40 Bf 109s escorted 18 Do-17s briefed to attack a convoy. During this mission, Galland shot down a Spitfire of 54Squadron P/O John Allen, a successful pilot credited with 8 victories. The following day, Galland shot down another Spitfire over Dover and a third on the 28th bringing his score to 17. For these victories, Galland was awarded the coveted Ritterkreuz on 1 August, at that time only the fourth fighter pilot to be so decorated.

During a Stuka escort mission on 14 August, Galland claimed a Hurricane shot down and three Spitfires the following day. On the 17th the young Gruppenkommandeur, together with Werner Molders, the Kommodore of JG51, was summoned by Goring to Karinhall. There, Galland learned that the Reichsmarschall had decided to replace the older Geschwaderkommodoren, many of whom, like Osterkamp and von Bulow-Bothkamp had flown in the First World War, with younger fighter pilots. Consequently, at the age of only 28, Galland was appointed Kommodore of JG26.

Eichenlaubtrager

Despite his new responsibilities, Galland continued to fly and claim further victories; a Spitfire on 25 August, a Defiant on the 27th and three Spitfires on the 31st. In the first twenty days of September, Major Galland claimed 12 kills against RAF Hurricanes and Spitfires. A Hurricane shot down on 24 September and believed to have been P/O Harold Bird-Wilson of 17Sqn, brought Galland's total claims to 40 Luftsiegen. With this number of victories and less than two months after he had been awarded the RK, Galland was called to the Fuhrer's Headquarters where, as only the third member of the Wehrmacht to receive this decoration, he was presented with the Oak Leaves.

Returning to JG26, Galland claimed his 45th victory on 15 October while flying escort to his former unit of the Polish campaign, II.(Schlacht)/LG2, since equipped with Bf 109Es and then flying Jabo sorties to bomb London. Promoted to Oberstleutnant on 1 November, Galland claimed his 57th victory on 5 December. At that time he was the highest-scoring Luftwaffe pilot, but this was also his last victory of the year since deteriorating weather conditions during the winter of 1940-41 temporarily curtailed further fighter operations.

In early 1941, the air-war changed when German plans to invade Great Britain were abandoned and the Wehrmacht turned its attention first to the Balkans and later to Russia. In the West, only a small number of fighters remained, mainly operating in a defensive role against RAF intruder missions. In March, JG26 was dispersed over various French airfields in Brittany, mainly in defence of Brest harbor. Galland claimed his first victory of 1942 on 4 April when he shot down a Spitfire of 91Sqn, believed to have been Sgt. Jack Mann, a pilot credited with five confirmed victories plus three unconfirmed. On 15 April, while flying with his Katschmarek to visitjafu 2 (Gen. Osterkamp), the pair made a short detour en route and over the English coast Galland succeeded in downing two, possibly three, Spitfires.

JG26 was then transferred to airfields in Belgium and Northern France and on 21 June, Galland claimed two Blenheims and one Spitfire, but on the same day was shot down twice. On the first occasion he safely force-landed his damaged aircraft, but when shot down the second time he was wounded and had to bail out of his blazing machine.

With 70 victories, Galland was once more called to Hitler's HQ where he received the Oak Leaves with Swords, the first recipient of only 159 ever awarded. However, this high honor brought with it an order from Hitler forbidding Galland to continue flying but, with his usual resourcefulness, he was able to circumvent this restriction. By interpreting Hitler's order to mean operational flying and, on the pretext that he was only testing his unit's new Bf 109 F-3 and F-4 aircraft, Galland continued to fly and in this way justified his increasing score.

General der Jagdflieger

With 97 victories, Galland learned of the death of his comrade Oberst Werner Molders, killed when the He-111 in which he was a passenger crashed on 22 November 1941. On 5 December 1942, with the rank of Generalleutnant, Galland attended a farewell ceremony at Audembert in Northern France, where he left JG26 and became Molder's successor as General der Jagdflieger. He was then 30 years of age and the youngest General in the Wehrmacht. On 28 January 1942, he became only the second recipient of the Diamonds to the Knight's Cross. Early in his new position, Galland was responsible for some of the Luftwaffe's most daring and successful operations. He planned the air cover for the battle-cruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau and the heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen during the so-called Channel Dash when, in February 1942, all three ships sailed up the English Channel to ports in Germany. Later, he was responsible for the reinforcement of the German fighter arm in Russia and the transfer of fighters to the Mediterranean theatre for operations against Malta. However, with the growing strength of Allied air power and under the most severe pressure and unrealistic demands, Galland became increasingly isolated from his superiors who issued orders which bore little resemblance to reality. During the Allied invasion of Sicily, where JG53 and JG77 bore the brunt of the fighting, Goring became especially angry, demanding aerial victories from German fighter pilots totally overwhelmed by Allied air power and accusing them of cowardice when, despite their best efforts, this proved impossible.

Dismissal

In 1944, as the situation worsened, Galland clashed increasingly with Goring who blamed him personally for the failures of the Jagdflieger. Eventually, when the whole of the Fighter Arm was disgraced and Galland was dismissed from his post, Goring tried to have him arrested and he was saved due only to Hitler's personal intervention. Thereafter, Galland again flew fighters, organising his own jet unit, JV 44. Despite the difficulties of introducing the radically new Me-262 to service in a rapidly deteriorating situation in which the inevitable final collapse of the Third Reich grew ever closer, Galland was able to score further victories. He flew his last sortie on 26April 1945, when, after scoring his last two victories - his 103rd and 104th - he was wounded and had to make an emergency landing on Miinchen-Riem airfield. In hospital when the war ended, Galland was made a PoW.

Taken to Great Britain for detailed interrogation by British and US intelligence officers, Galland was eventually released in May 1947. The following year he left Europe for Argentina where he helped raise a modern air force for President Peron. Returning to Germany after seven years in South America, Galland later set up his own company - an aviation consultancy - which he headed until advancing years and failing health forced him into retirement.

During his lifetime, Generalleutnant a.D. Adolf Galland, holder of the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds, succeeded in gaining the respect not only of his comrades, but also of his former enemies. He died on 9 February 1996, little more than a month before his 84th birthday, and was buried at the church of St. Laurentius in Bonn-Oberwinter.

Adolf 'Dolfo' Galland was born on 19 March 1912 at Westerholt, Westphalia. At the age of 17 he started flying gliders. He began flying for Lufthansa after graduating from the German Commercial Air Transport School at Brunswick. This was at a time when the German Air Arm was created, following Hitler's rise to power, and students were sent clandestinely to the Soviet Union and Italy. In February 1934, he joined the Luftwaffe, an accomplished pilot and instructor, at the Fighter Pilot School at Munich-Schleissheim. By April 1935 he was a fighter pilot with Jagdgeschwader 2 'Richtofen'.

In 1937, he volunteered for service with the Condor Legion in Spain. Galland was put in command of 3 Staffel of J/88, equipped with the Heinkel He-51 biplanes, which were used in the ground attack and support role. He distinguished himself, especially on the Asturias, Teruel and Ebro fronts, completing 280 combat sorties before being relieved by Werner Mölders in mid-1938. He had met Mölders in the hotel 'Cristina' where they were billeted, and they were to become firm friends. Galland's many original contributions to ground support techniques brought him to the attention of the Luftwaffe High Command. However, his reward for the innovative work in Spain was flying a desk in the Air Ministry working out directives for the organisation of close support units and the training of fighter pilots in direct support operations. When World War 2 broke out Oberleutnant Galland was a Staffelkapitän of 4.(S)/LG2 equipped with the Henschel Hs 123, a biplane Stuka. He took part in the invasion of Poland flying 50 ground attack missions. Galland was awarded the Iron Cross, Second Class for his efforts. Galland was posted away to JG27 at Krefeld, arriving there on 15 February 1940. He was assigned to the Geschwaderstab and assumed the role of Geschwader Adjutant. On 12 May, west of Liege, Belgium, he scored his first aerial victory. Two more victories followed that day. All three victims were RAF Hurricanes. By the end of the French campaign he had accumulated 14 victories. On 6 June 1940, Hauptmann Galland was appointed Gruppenkommandeur of III./JG26. Promoted Major on 18 July, Galland stayed with III./JG26 through the Battle of Britain.

On 24 July, Galland led III./JG26 over the north coast of the Thames Estuary. Here they engaged Spitfires and Galland was able to shoot one down to the north of Margate. He had shot down the British ace P/O 'Johnny' Allen (7.333 confirmed and 5 unconfirmed destroyed victories) of 56Sqn, RAF, who was killed in the crash-landing that followed this combat. On 28 July, RAF fighters were scrambled to intercept a large German bomber formation headed for Dover. When confronted by the RAF fighters, the German bomber formation promptly headed for home. The RAF fighters were thus left to combat the escorting German fighters of I. and II./JG51 and III./JG26. Galland claimed a Spitfire shot down near Dover for his 17th victory. He had shot down another British ace, Sub-Lt Francis Dawson-Paul (7.25 confirmed and 1 unconfirmed destroyed and 1 damaged victories), a Royal Navy pilot on loan to the RAF.

Dawson-Paul was shot down into the Channel where he was picked up by a German E-boat, but he died from the wounds received in this combat on 30 July. Galland was awarded the Ritterkreuz on 1 August for 17 victories. It is thought he again shot down a notable RAF pilot on 15 August, when he brought down the New Zealand ace F/Lt 'Al' Deere (17.333 confirmed and 2.5 unconfirmed destroyed, 4 probable and 7.5 damaged victories) of 54Sqn, RAF. Deere baled out of his Spitfire between Dover and Folkestone.

On 24 September, Galland downed his 40th victim, another notable RAF pilot, Harold Bird-Wilson (5.2 destroyed, 3 probable and 3 damaged victories) of 17Sqn, RAF who baled out badly burned near Chatham. Galland was awarded the newly instituted Eichenlauben on 25 September.

By the end of September he had 42 victories. On 1 November 1940, Galland was promoted to Oberstleutnant and given command of JG26. He had 50 victories to his credit. JG26 was escorting the Bf 110 fighter bombers of EprGr 210 on a raid of Martlesham Heath on 17 November. The formation was intercepted by RAF Hurricanes. In the ensuing combat, Galland claimed a Hurricane shot down. The pilot, ace Count Manfred Czernin (17 destroyed, 3.5 probable and 3.833 damaged victories) of 17Sqn, RAF, baled out unhurt. On 21 June 1941, Galland shot down a Spitfire east of Boulogne. He, in turn, was shot down, by the Polish ace Boleslaw Drobinski (7.133/1.333/0 victories) of 303Sqn, RAF, and baled out wounded. Shortly after, he was awarded the Schwerten to his Ritterkreuz. Galland had, by now, been ordered by Hitler and Göring not to fly combat missions. However, he disregarded these orders and continued to rack up aerial victories. On the death of Oberst Werner Mölders (115 victories, RK-Br) on 22 November 1941, Galland was named General der Jagdflieger. Before settling into his new job, Oberst Galland directed the fighter protection for the Channel dash of the battleships Scharnhorst and Gneisenau, and the heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen, from Brest.

Operation Donnerkeil was a striking success. He was awarded the Brillanten to his Ritterkreuz on 28 January 1942 with his victory tally at 94. As General der Jagdflieger, he commanded a small unit operating Fw 190s. He flew about 10 combat missions and, it is thought, he gained two victories over USAAF B-17 bombers during 1944. It remains unsure whether his claims during this period were submitted or confirmed. Stab G.d.J claimed two B-17s shot down on 8 March 1944 and it is thought Galland may have been one of the claimants. Galland became one of the most controversial figures of his time through his skirmishes with Reichsmarschal Göring and his frank addresses to Hitler when he emphasized the need for more fighters to oppose the increasingly intense allied bombing raids over Germany. Galland's contemporaries in combat commands eventually began planning to force Göring's resignation, by seeking an audience with Hitler. Although Galland took no direct part in such activities, he was aware that all this was in train. In the denouement, Göring attributed the incipient mutiny to Galland, sacked him and prepared a trial in which blame for the collapse of the Jagdwaffe would be directed to the General der Jagdflieger. Hitler intervened but then insisted, as an end to the 'Galland affair', that he be given command of a unit of jet fighters. Galland led JV 44 until 26 April 1945 gaining up to seven victories flying the Me 262 jet fighter. On this day Generalleutnant Galland led 12 rocket-equipped Me 262s from München-Reim to intercept a formation of B-26 medium bombers targetting the airfield at Lechfeld. He claimed two of the bombers, but with cannon-fire rather than the rockets with which his Me 262 was armed. During his initial approach, Galland had failed to deactivate a safety switch which prevented him from firing the rockets. During his attacks on the bombers, Galland's Me 262 was struck by return fire. Disengaging from the bombers, he was bounced by a P-47 1st Lt James J Finnegan of the 50th Fighter Group, USAAF. Galland was wounded in the right knee and his aircraft received further damage. He was able to bring his crippled jet back to München-Reim and successfully land, albeit with a flat nose wheel tyre. He was forced to leap from his aircraft and take shelter because the airfield was under attack by American fighters. The wound suffered in this encounter were serious enough to end his combat flying. Galland surrendered himself to American forces at Tegernsee on 5 May 1945.

He was held in military custody for two years. He was released in 1947. In October 1948, Galland took a position with the Argentine Air Force. There followed many offers to act as consultant to armament firms who would equip the new Luftwaffe. He made his choices and settled down to prosperous and lively decades as a businessman. In his final years he divided his time between his home in Germany and his bungalow by the Alicante coast of Spain. Adolf Galland passed away on 9 February 1996 at Remagen-Oberwinter. Adolf Galland achieved 104 aerial victories in 705 missions, all on the Western front. Included in his score are at least seven victories flying the Me 262 and four four-engined bombers. He was himself shot down four times.

Luftwaffe pilot List of aerial victories for Adolf Galland

No	Date	Time	A/c Type	Unit	Location	Comments
1	12.5.1940	10:10	Hurricane	Stab JG27	10 km W Lüttich	Hurricane I (L1970) of 87Sqn RAF flown by F/O J A Campbell, killed
2	12.5.1940	10:20	Hurricane	Stab JG27	18 km S Lüttich	Hurricane I (L1632) of 87Sqn RAF flown by Sgt F V Howell, baled out
3	12.5.1940	15:50	Hurricane	Stab JG27	7 km EEN Tirlemont
4	16.5.1940	19:30	Spitfire	Stab JG27	5 km S Lille
5	19.5.1940	20:50	Potez 63	Stab JG27	N Albert
6	19.5.1940	21:45	Potez 63	Stab JG27	SW Hirson
7	20.5.1940	20:50	Potez 63	Stab JG27	S Amiens
8	29.5.1940	12:59	Blenheim	Stab JG27	15 km N Gravelines
9	29.5.1940	13:04	Blenheim	Stab JG27	30 km NW Gravelines
10	2.6.1940	9:28	Spitfire	Stab JG27	W Dunkirk
11	9.6.1940	15:55	Curtiss Hawk 75	Stab JG27	E Rotoy
12	9.6.1940	16:10	Morane MS 406	Stab JG27	13 km NW Meaux
13	14.6.1940	17:15	Blenheim	Stab III./JG26	22km SE Vernon/Breval
14	14.6.1940	17:28	Battle	Stab III./JG26	10km S Evreux
15	24.7.1940	13:30	Spitfire	Stab III./JG26	30km N Margate	Spitfire I of 54Sqn, RAF flown by P/O J L Allen (12.333 victories), killed in crash-landing
16	25.7.1940	16:17	Spitfire	Stab III./JG26	Dover Harbour	Spitfire of 54Sqn, RAF
17	28.7.1940	15:20	Spitfire	Stab III./JG26	10km NNE Dover	Spitfire I (L1035) of 64Sqn RAF flown by Sub Lt (RN) F Dawson-Paul (8.25/0/1 victories), died of wounds
18	12.8.1940	12:41	Hurricane	Stab III./JG26	NNW Margate	Hurricane of 501Sqn, RAF
19	14.8.1940	13:30	Hurricane	Stab III./JG26	SW Dover
20	15.8.1940	12:55	Spitfire	Stab III./JG26	10km E Dover-Folkestone	Possibly Spitfire of 54Sqn RAF flown by F/Lt A C Deere (19.833/4/7.5 victories), baled out
21	15.8.1940	16:00	Spitfire	Stab III./JG26	15km SE Folkestone	Spitfire of 64Sqn, RAF
22	15.8.1940	16:07	Spitfire	Stab III./JG26	20km SE Dover	Spitfire of 64Sqn, RAF
23	25.8.1940	19:50	Spitfire	Stab JG26	Dungeness-Folkestone
24	28.8.1940	10:00	Defiant	Stab JG26	Faversham	Defiant of 264Sqn, RAF
25	31.8.1940	9:42	Spitfire	Stab JG26	20km SE Cambridge	Spitfire of 19Sqn, RAF
26	31.8.1940	18:50	Spitfire	Stab JG26	Gravesend
27	31.8.1940	19:03	Hurricane	Stab JG26	Maidstone
28	1.9.1940	14:55	Spitfire	Stab JG26	SE London
29	3.9.1940	11:32	Hurricane	Stab JG26	Chelmsford	Hurricane of 257Sqn, RAF
30	6.9.1940	10:20	Hurricane	Stab JG26	Tonbridge	Hurricane of 601Sqn, RAF
31	11.9.1940	16:20	Hurricane	Stab JG26	NW Dungeness	Hurricane of 501Sqn, RAF
32	14.9.1940	17:03	Hurricane	Stab JG26	SE London	Hurricane of 253Sqn RAF
33	15.9.1940	15:30	Hurricane	Stab JG26	Thames Estuary	Hurricane I (R 4087) NN-X of 310Sqn RAF, flown by Sgt. Josef Hubacek
34	18.9.1940	13:35	Hurricane	Stab JG26		Hurricane of 46Sqn RAF
35	18.9.1940	13:52	Hurricane	Stab JG26	W Rochester	Hurricane of 46Sqn RAF
36	18.9.1940	13:55	Hurricane	Stab JG26	W Rochester	Hurricane of 46Sqn RAF
37	20.9.1940	12:05	Spitfire	Stab JG26	S Hornchurch	Spitfire of 222Sqn, RAF
38	21.9.1940	19:25	Spitfire	Stab JG26	W Ashford-Canterbury	Spitfire of 92Sqn, RAF
39	23.9.1940	10:45	Hurricane	Stab JG26	N Rochester	Hurricane of 257Sqn, RAF
40	23.9.1940	10:45	Hurricane	Stab JG26	N Rochester
41	24.9.1940	10:00	Hurricane	Stab JG26	Rochester	Possibly Hurricane (P3878) of 17Sqn RAF flown by HAC Bird-Wilson (5.2/3/3 victories), baled out
42	30.9.1940	18:05	Hurricane	Stab JG26	S Guidford	Hurricane of 303Sqn, RAF
43	8.10.1940	10:20	Spitfire	Stab JG26	S Eastchurch	Spitfire of 66Sqn, RAF
44	11.10.1940	17:12	Hurricane	Stab JG26	Dartford/Rochester	Hurricane of 253Sqn, RAF
45	11.10.1940	17:00	Spitfire	Stab JG26	SE Chatham/Ashford	Spitfire of 421 Flt, RAF
46	15.10.1940	13:50	Spitfire	Stab JG26	S Rochester/Gillingham
47	26.10.1940	17:30	Hurricane	Stab JG26	Maidstone/S London
48	30.10.1940	12:55	Spitfire	Stab JG26	E London	Spitfire of 222Sqn, RAF
49	30.10.1940	17:30	Spitfire	Stab JG26	S Eastchurch/Maidstone	Spitfire of 41Sqn, RAF
50	30.11.1940	17:40	Spitfire	Stab JG26	Canterbury/Maidstone	Spitfire of 41Sqn, RAF
51	1.11.1940	12:50	Spitfire	Stab JG26	W Ashford
52	8.11.1940	15:28	Spitfire	Stab JG26	10km S Dover
53	15.11.1940	14:15	Hurricane	Stab JG26	Near Dover	Hurricane of 605Sqn, RAF
54	17.11.1940	10:20	Hurricane	Stab JG26	W Harwich	Possibly Hurricane I (V7500) of 17Sqn flown by F/Lt Count MB Czernin (17/3.5/4.833 victories), baled out
55	17.11.1940	10:20	Hurricane	Stab JG26	20km E of 'sunk' lightship	Hurricane of 257Sqn, RAF
56	17.11.1940	10:15	Hurricane	Stab JG26	E Harwich
-	27.11.1940	17:07	Spitfire	Stab JG26	E Kenley	Spitfire of 74Sqn, RAF, unconfirmed
57	28.11.1940	15:40	Hurricane	Stab JG26	Dartford	Hurricane of 249Sqn, RAF
58	5.12.1940	12:30	Spitfire	Stab JG26	Dover-Dungeness	Spitfire of 64Sqn, RAF
59	4.4.1941	17:50	Spitfire	Stab JG26	Dover-Canterbury	Spitfire of 91Sqn, RAF
60	15.4.1941	17:50	Spitfire	Stab JG26	30km W Dover
61	15.4.1941	18:00	Spitfire	Stab JG26	Dover-Margate	Spitfire of 266Sqn, RAF
-	15.4.1941	18:00	Spitfire	Stab JG26	S England	Spitfire of 266Sqn, RAF, unconfirmed
62	13.6.1941	13:15	Hurricane	Stab JG26	5km W Dover	Hurricane of 601Sqn, RAF
63	13.6.1941	13:18	Hurricane	Stab JG26	10km NE Ashford	Hurricane of 601Sqn, RAF
64	16.6.1941	16:35	Hurricane	Stab JG26	W Boulogne	Hurricane of 258Sqn, RAF
65	17.6.1941	19:38	Hurricane	Stab JG26	15km W St Omer
66	17.6.1941	19:40	Hurricane	Stab JG26	15km W St Omer
67	18.6.1941	18:18	Spitfire	Stab JG26	1km E Ardres	Spitfire of 145Sqn, RAF
68	21.6.1941	12:32	Blenheim	Stab JG26	Near Lumbres	Blenheim of 21Sqn, RAF
-	21.6.1941	12:36	Blenheim	Stab JG26	Merville	Blenheim of 21Sqn, RAF, unconfirmed
69	21.6.1941	16:37	Spitfire	Stab JG26	N Etaples	Spitfire of 616Sqn, RAF
70	2.7.1941	12:30	Blenheim	Stab JG26	Merville	Blenheim of 226Sqn RAF
71	23.7.1941	13:35	Spitfire	Stab JG26	40km NW Gravelines
72	23.7.1941	20:10	Spitfire	Stab JG26	Bruges
73	23.7.1941	20:15	Spitfire	Stab JG26	Bruges
74	7.8.1941	11:23	Spitfire	Stab JG26	Lumbres
75	7.8.1941	17:40	Spitfire	Stab JG26	10km NW St Omer
76	9.8.1941	11:32	Spitfire	Stab JG26	NW St Pol	Spitfire of 452Sqn RAF
-	9.8.1941	17:41	Spitfire	Stab JG26	N Ardres	unconfirmed
77	12.8.1941	13:12	Spitfire	Stab JG26	20km W Vlissingen	Spitfire (P6793) of 19Sqn RAF
78	12.8.1941	13:18	Blenheim	Stab JG26	W Haamstede-Scheldt Estuary	Blenheim of 139Sqn RAF flown by F/L GA Herbert 3 crew killed
79	19.8.1941	11:55	Spitfire	Stab JG26	Bergues
80	19.8.1941	19:32	Spitfire	Stab JG26	NW St Omer	Spitfire of 111Sqn RAF
81	19.8.1941	19:45	Hurricane	Stab JG26	SE Gravelines	Hurricane of 71Sqn RAF
82	4.9.1941	17:19	Blenheim	Stab JG26	N St Omer	Blenheim of 18Sqn, RAF
83	7.9.1941	17:19	Spitfire	Stab JG26	20km W Boulogne	Spitfire of 71Sqn, RAF
84	20.9.1941	16:45	Spitfire	Stab JG26	Bergues-Bourbourg
85	20.9.1941	16:55	Spitfire	Stab JG26	6km NW Braye-Dunes
86	21.9.1941	16:23	Spitfire	Stab JG26	SE Etaples
87	21.9.1941	17:35	Spitfire	Stab JG26	S Dunkirk	Spitfire of 111Sqn RAF
88	13.10.1941	14:17	Spitfire	Stab JG26	St Omer
89	13.10.1941	14:27	Blenheim	Stab JG26	Samer	Blenheim of 139Sqn, RAF
90	21.10.1941	12:54	Spitfire	Stab JG26	W Samer
91	21.10.1941	12:58	Spitfire	Stab JG26	6km W Hardelot
92	21.10.1941	18:16	Spitfire	Stab JG26	15km W Boulogne	Spitfire of 611Sqn RAF
93	27.10.1941	13:25	Spitfire	Stab JG26	S Dunkirk	Spitfire of 401Sqn RAF flown by Sgt B Hodgkinson, POW
94	8.11.1941	12:58	Spitfire	Stab JG26	Near Montreuil	Spitfire of 315Sqn, RAF
95	8.11.1941	13:00	Spitfire	Stab JG26	10km S Hazebrouck
96	18.11.1941	12:32	Spitfire	Stab JG26	W Boulogne	Spitfire of 602Sqn RAF
?	1944	-	B-17	Stab G.d.J.		unconfirmed ?
?	1944	-	B-17	Stab G.d.J.		unconfirmed ?
98	3.4.1945	-	P-38	JV 44
99	5.4.1945	-	B-24	JV 44
100	16.4.1945	-	B-26	JV 44		with R4M rockets
101	16.4.1945	-	B-26	JV 44		with R4M rockets
102	21.4.1945	-	B-17	JV 44
103	26.4.1945	11:50~	B-26	JV 44	München-Reim	B-26 of 17 BG, USAAF
104	26.4.1945	11:55~	B-26	JV 44	München Reim	B-26 of 17 BG, USAAF

Victories : 104
Awards : Ritterkreuz (1 August 1940)
Eichenlaub (25 September 1940)
Schwerter (21 June 1941)
http://www.luftwaffe.cz/gallanda.html

Luftwaffe pilot List of 104 aerial victories for Adolf Galland

Date	Pilot Name	Unit	Enemy A/C Type	Height	Time	Location
12-May-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG27	Hurricane	500m	10.10	18km S Luttich
12-May-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG27	Hurricane		15.50	7km ENE Tirlemont
12-May-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG27	Hurricane	500m	10.20	18km S Luttich
12-May-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG27	Hurricane		10.10
16-May-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG27	Spitfire I		19.30	Seclin S Lille
19-May-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG27	Potez 63		20.50	N Albert-Meaulte
19-May-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG27	Potez 63		21.45	SW Hirson
20-May-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG27	Potez 63		20.50	S Amiens
29-May-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG27	Blenheim		12.59	15km N Gravelines
29-May-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG27	Blenheim		13.04	30km NW Gravelines
02-Jun-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG27	Spitfire		09.28	West of Dunkirk
09-Jun-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG27	Hawk-75A		15.55	East of Rotoy
09-Jun-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG27	Morane 406		16.10	13km NW Meaux
14-Jun-40	Adolf Galland	Stab III./JG26	Blenheim		17.15	22km SE Vernon-Breval
14-Jun-40	Adolf Galland	Stab III./JG26	Defiant		17.28	10km S evreux
24-Jul-40	Adolf Galland	Stab III./JG26	Spitfire	3000-2200m	13.35	30km N Margate
25-Jul-40	Adolf Galland	Stab III./JG26	Spitfire		16.17	Dover Hafen
28-Jul-40	Adolf Galland	Stab III./JG26	Hurricane	6000m	15.14	10km NNE Dover
12-Aug-40	Adolf Galland	Stab III./JG26	Hurricane		12.41	NNW Margate
14-Aug-40	Adolf Galland	Stab III./JG26	Hurricane		13.30	SW Dover
15-Aug-40	Adolf Galland	Stab III./JG26	Spitfire		12.55	10km East of Dover
15-Aug-40	Adolf Galland	Stab III./JG26	Spitfire		16.01	15km SE Folkestone
15-Aug-40	Adolf Galland	Stab III./JG26	Spitfire		16.07	20km SE Dover
25-Aug-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire	3000m	19.50	Dungeness-Folkestone
28-Aug-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Defiant	2000m	10.08	E Canterbury
31-Aug-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		19.03	Maidstone
31-Aug-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	P-40 Warhawk		09.42	20km SE Cambridge
31-Aug-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		18.50	Gravesend
01-Sep-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		19.55	Sudostrand London
03-Sep-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		11.32	Chelmsford
06-Sep-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		10.20	Tonbridge
11-Sep-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		16.20	NW Dungeness
14-Sep-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		17.03	Sudostrands London
15-Sep-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		15.30	Thames Estuary
18-Sep-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		13.52	West of Rochester
18-Sep-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		13.55	West of Rochester
18-Sep-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		13.35
20-Sep-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		12.05	South of Hornchurch
21-Sep-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		19.25	West of Ashford-Canterbury
23-Sep-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		10.45	North of Rochester
23-Sep-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		10.45	North of Rochester
24-Sep-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		10.00	Rochester
30-Sep-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		18.05	South of Guildford
10-Oct-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		10.20	South of Eastchurch
11-Oct-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		17.05	SE Chatham
11-Oct-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane	2500m	17.12	Dartford-Rochester
15-Oct-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		13.50	South of Rochester
26-Oct-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		17.30	Maidstone - South of London
30-Oct-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		12.55	East of London
30-Oct-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		17.40	Canterbury-Maidstone
30-Oct-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		17.30	South of Eastchurch-Maidstone
01-Nov-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		12.50	West of Ashford
14-Nov-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		15.28	10km South of Dover
15-Nov-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		10.28	bei Dover
17-Nov-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		10.20	West of Harwich
17-Nov-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane	1-1500m	10.27	20km E versengt Leucht
27-Nov-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire	8000m	17.00	5km East of Detling
28-Nov-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane	6500m	15.40	Dartford
05-Dec-40	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire	2000m	12.30	Dover-Dungeness
04-Apr-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire	1200m	17.50	zw Dover-Canterbury
15-Apr-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire	3800m	17.50	30km vor Dover
15-Apr-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire	4500m	18.00	zw Dover u Margate
13-Jun-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane	3500m	13.15	5km W Dover
13-Jun-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane	2000m	13.18	10km NE Ashford
16-Jun-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane	3000m	16.35	West of Boulogne
17-Jun-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane	3500m	19.40	5km SE Boulogne
17-Jun-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane	3500m	19.38	15km W St Omer
18-Jun-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire	6500m	18.18	1?km E Ardres
21-Jun-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire	3500m	12.32	S St Omer
21-Jun-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire	3500m	12.36	NW St Omer
21-Jun-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire	5000m	16.37	N Etaples
02-Jul-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Blenheim	4000m	12.30	bei Merville
23-Jul-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire	10m	13.35	40km NW Gravelines
23-Jul-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire	7000m	20.10	bei Fruges
23-Jul-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire	6500m	20.15	bei Fruges
07-Aug-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		11.23	Lumbres
07-Aug-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		17.40	10km NW St Omer
09-Aug-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire	5000m	17.44	N Ardres
09-Aug-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		17.41	N Ardres
09-Aug-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		11.32	NW St Pol
12-Aug-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire	200m	13.12	20-25km W Vlissinghen
12-Aug-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Blenheim		13.18	Scheldemundung W Haamstede
19-Aug-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		19.32	NW St Omer
19-Aug-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Hurricane		19.45	SE Gravelines
19-Aug-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		11.55	Bergues
04-Sep-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Blenheim IV		17.19	N St Omer
07-Sep-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		17.19
20-Sep-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		16.45	Bergues-Bourbourg
20-Sep-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		16.55	6km NW Bray-Dunes
21-Sep-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		17.35	S Dunkirk
21-Sep-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		16.23	SE Etaples
13-Oct-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		14.17	St Omer
13-Oct-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Blenheim		14.27	Samer
21-Oct-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		12.54	West of Samer
21-Oct-41	Adolf Galland	StabJG26	Spitfire		12.58	6km W. Hardelot
21-Oct-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		18.16	15km W Boulogne
27-Oct-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		13.25	S Dunkirk
08-Nov-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		13.00
08-Nov-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		12.58
18-Nov-41	Adolf Galland	Stab /JG26	Spitfire		12.32	20km W Boulogne
16-Apr-45	Adolf Galland	JV44	B-26 Marauder		-	Raum Lanberg
16-Apr-45	Adolf Galland	JV44	B-26 Marauder		-	Raum Lanberg
21-Apr-45	Adolf Galland	JV44	B-17 Fortress		-	-
26-Apr-45	Adolf Galland	JV44	B-26 Marauder		-	Raum Neuburg
26-Apr-45	Adolf Galland	JV44	B-26 Marauder		-	Raum Neuburg

 Waalhaven Rotterdam Netherlands Map

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    Messerschmitt Bf 109 operational history Bibliography: +

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• Morgan, Eric B. and Edward Shacklady. Spitfire: The History. Stamford, UK: Key Books Ltd, 2000. ISBN 0-946219-48-6.
• Neulen, Hans Werner. In the skies of Europe – Air Forces allied to the Luftwaffe 1939–1945. Ramsbury, Marlborough, THE CROWOOD PRESS, 2000. ISBN 1-86126-799-1
• Price, Alfred. Spitfire Mark I/II Aces 1939–41 (Aircraft of the Aces 12). London: Osprey Books, 1996, ISBN 1-85532-627-2.
• Punka, György. "A Messzer": Bf 109s in the Royal Hungarian "Honvéd" Air Force. Budapest, Hungary: OMIKK, 1995. ISBN 963-593-208-1.
• Savic, D. and B. Ciglic. Croatian Aces of World War II (Osprey Aircraft of the Aces 49). Oxford, UK: Oxford, 2002. ISBN 1-84176-435-3.
• Stenman, Kari and Kalevi Keskinen. Finnish Aces of World War 2 (Osprey Aircraft of the Aces 23). London: Osprey Publishing Limited, 1998. ISBN 1-85532-783-X.

    Some of the most widely used Book References:

• Jagdwaffe: Battle of Britain: Phase One: July-August 1940 (Luftwaffe Colours: Volume Two, Section 1) Paperback Eric Mombeek (Author), David Wadman (Author), Eddie J Creek (Author)
• Jagdwaffe: Battle of Britain: Phase Two: August-September 1940 (Luftwaffe Colours: Volume Two, Section 2) Paperback Eric Mombeek (Author), David Wadman (Author), Martin Pegg (Author)
• Jagdwaffe: Battle of Britain: Phase Three: September-October 1940 (Luftwaffe Colours: Volume Two, Section 3) Paperback Eric Mombeek (Author), David Wadman (Author), Martin Pegg (Author)
• Jagdwaffe: Battle of Britain: Phase Four: November 1940-June 1941 (Luftwaffe Colours: Volume Two, Section 4) Paperback Eric Mombeek (Author), David Wadman (Author), Martin Pegg (Author)

    Magazines: +

• Airfix Magazines (English) - http://www.airfix.com/
• Avions (French) - http://www.aerostories.org/~aerobiblio/rubrique10.html
• EDUARD - https://www.eduard.com/
• EDUARD - Are in my opinion are what modelers are looking for loads of pictures and diagrams and have become a leading historical information source. *****
• FlyPast (English) - http://www.flypast.com/
• Flugzeug Publikations GmbH (German) - http://vdmedien.com/flugzeug-publikations-gmbh-hersteller_verlag-vdm-heinz-nickel-33.html
• Flugzeug Classic (German) - http://www.flugzeugclassic.de/
• Klassiker (German) - http://shop.flugrevue.de/abo/klassiker-der-luftfahrt
• Luftwaffe IM Focus (German) - https://www.luftfahrtverlag-start.de/
• Embleme der Luftwaffe Band-1 (German) - https://www.luftfahrtverlag-start.de/
• Le Fana de L'Aviation (French) - http://boutique.editions-lariviere.fr/site/abonnement-le-fana-de-l-aviation-626-4-6.html
• Le Fana de L'Aviation (French) - http://www.pdfmagazines.org/tags/Le+Fana+De+L+Aviation/
• Osprey (English) - http://www.ospreypublishing.com/
• model airplane international magazine - https://adhpublishing.com/shop/store/magazine-backissues/model-airplane-international-backissues/
• Revi Magazines (Czech) - http://www.revi.cz/

    Web References: +

• eBay - https://picclick.de/ or https://www.ebay.com
• Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com
• Wikipedia.org - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109
• Wikipedia.org - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109_variants#cite_ref-100
• Wikipedia.org - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messerschmitt_Bf_109_operational_history
• Flickr.com - https://www.flickr.com/photos/farinihouseoflove/2209839419/in/photostream